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2020 Annual Water Quality Report -Town of Cleveland
PWSID #1167115
Is my water safe?
We are pleased to present this year’s Annual Water Quality Report (Consumer Confidence Report) as required
by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This report is designed to provide details about where your water
comes from, what it contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies. This report is a
snapshot of last year’s water quality. We are committed to providing you with information because informed
customers are our best allies.
Do I need to take special precautions?
‘Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-
‘compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone
organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be
particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care
providers. EPA/Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of
infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Water Drinking
Hotline (800-426-4791).
‘Where does my water come from?
Your drinking water source is groundwater drawn from two drilled wells: The Kiser Well located on route T695
and the Tank Hollow Well located approximately 400 feet South of T1207/T1208.
Source Water Assessment and its Availability
‘The Virginia Department of Health conducted a source water assessment of the Town’s system in 2002. The
wells were determined to be of high susceptibility to contamination using the criteria developed by the state in
its approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source
Water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of concem, and documentation of any known
contamination. The report is available by contacting your water system representative at the phone number or
address given elsewhere in this drinking water quality report.
Why are there contaminants in my drinking water?
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some
contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More
information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental
Protection Agency’s (EPA) Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791). The sources of drinking water (both
tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water
travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some
cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human
activity:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, that may come from sewage treatment plants,
septic systems, agricultural livestock operations, and wildlife;
Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally occurring or result from urban
stormwater runoff, industrial, or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or
farming;
‘© Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban
stormwater runoff, and residential ust
‘* Organic Chemical Contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are by-
products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban
stormwater runoff, and septic systems;
‘* Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or be the result of oil and gas production
and mining activities.
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations that limit the amount of certain
contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations
establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health.
How can I get involved?
Cleveland’s Town Council meets the 4th Monday of each month at 6:30 PM.
Description of Water Treatment Proces:
Your water is treated by disinfection. Disinfection involves the addition of chlorine or other disinfectant to kill
dangerous bacteria and microorganisms that may be in the water. Disinfection is considered to be one of the
major public health advances of the 20th century.
Other Information - Sodium
There is presently no established standard for sodium in drinking water, Water containing more than 270 ppm
of sodium should not be used as drinking water by those persons whose physician has placed them on a
moderately restricted sodium diet. Water containing more than 20 ppm should not be used as drinking water by
those persons whose physician has placed them on a severely restricted sodium diet. For informational
purposes, we wish to point out that the results of our most recent sampling indicate that your water has a sodium
content of 57.6 ppm (2019 - Kiser Well) and 164 (2020 - Tank Hollow Well).
Monitoring and Reporting Violations
‘The Town of Cleveland was issued six (6) Notices of Violation (NOV) for failure to perform compliance
monitoring and/or reporting in calendar years 2019 and 2020. The violations are as follows:
On February 19, 2020, the Town was issued three (3) Notices of Violation (MONITORING, ROUTINE
MAJOR), one each for failure to collect required compliance samples for Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOC),
Inorganic Chemicals and Metals (INO_METALS COMBO) and Nitrate-Nitrite (NITRATE + NITRITE) from
the Tank Hollow Well in calendar year 2019. The Tank Hollow Well was out of service during the time
sampling was to be completed; the well has since been placed back into service the required samples have been
collected. The health effects of these violations are unknown. Though the Safe Drinking Water Act requires that
the reporting of monitoring violations specifically state that the health effects of monitoring violations are
unknown, neither the Virginia Department of Health nor the Town believe that you were ever in any danger.
Analysis of all of the other compliance samples before and after the violations showed the well to be within
compliance limits and no threat to public health.
On June 24, 2020, the Town was issued a Notice of Violation (MONITORING, ROUTINE, MAJOR (RTCR))
for failure to collect a compliance bacteriological sample to test for the presence of total coliforms in general
and E. coli specifically, during the month of May, 2020.
On June 26, 2020, the Town was issued a Notice of Violation (MONITORING, ROUTINE (DBP), MINOR)
for failure to collect and report a distribution system chlorine residual for the month of May, 2020. Chlorine
levels in the Town’s water are typically measured and reported when compliance bacteriological samples are
collected each month.
The health effects of these violations are unknown. However, as stated elsewhere in this report, your water is
treated by disinfection involving the addition of chlorine to kill dangerous bacteria and microorganisms that
may be in the water. Routine bacteriological sampling of the water and the measuring of chlorine residuals in
the distribution system are proscribed methods for monitoring the effectiveness of the disinfection process used
to protect public health. Though the Safe Drinking Water Act requires that the reporting of monitoring
violations specifically state that the health effects of monitoring violations are unknown, neither the Virginia
Department of Health nor the Town believe that you were ever in any danger. Analysis of all of the other
compliance samples for the year showed the absence of bacteria and the presence of chlorine sufficient to
protect the public health,
On July 20, 2020, the Town was issued a Notice of Violation (LEAD CONSUMER NOTICE (LCR)) for
failing to, in a timely manner, provide residents the results of Lead and Copper sampling conducted in 2019.
The sample results (listed elsewhere in this report) show that the Town is in compliance with state and federal
regulations regarding lead and copper. The violation is linked solely to the timely distribution of the results to
you, the customer.
Additional Information for Lead
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young
children, Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and
home plumbing, Town of Cleveland is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control
the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you
can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using
water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water
tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is
available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at hitp://www.cpa.sov/safewater/load.
Water Quality Data Table
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of
contaminants in water provided by public water systems. The table below lists all of the drinking water
contaminants that we detected during the calendar year of this report. Although many more contaminants were
tested, only those substances listed below were found in your water. All sources of drinking water contain some
naturally occurring contaminants. At low levels, these substances are generally not harmful in our drinking
water. Removing all contaminants would be extremely expensive, and in most cases, would not provide
increased protection of public health. A few naturally occurring minerals may actually improve the taste of
drinking water and have nutritional value at low levels. Unless otherwise noted, the data presented in this table
is from testing done in the calendar year of the report. The EPA or the State requires us to monitor for certain
contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants do not vary significantly
from year to year, or the system is not considered vulnerable to this type of contamination. As such, some of our
data, though representative, may be more than one year old. In this table you will find terms and abbreviations
that might not be familiar to you. To help you better understand these terms, we have provided the definitions
below the table.
‘Contaminants | MCLG | MCL, | Detect | Range _| Sample |Vielation| ‘Typical Source
or |t1,0r| In [ronlanga] Date
MRDLG|MRDL| Your
Water
Disinfectants & Disinfection By-Products
[There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants)
[Chlorine (as C12) ppm] 4 | 4 | 50 [39] 65] 2020 | No | Water additive used to control microbes
Haloacctic Acids ou, nats
GUAAS ono NA | 60 | ND |NA|NA] 2020 | No {By-product of drinking water chlorination
[rTHMs (Total ; ssinfoct
: opp) | NA | 80 | ND |NA}NA| 2020 | No [By-product of drinking water disingection
inorganic Contaminants
Barium (ppm) 2 | 2 | 048 014) 098) ere | No eee oe canto
[Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive
Fluoride (ppm) 4 | 4 | 136 | 34]136) 2020 | No |which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum factories
, Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from
icv Dneseured ea 10 | 10 | 1.08 |.05]1.08] 2020 | No _|septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural
Nitrogen} (ppm) deposits
ey cana Na | NA | 164 [576] 166] 2020 | No {Sodium (optional (ppm)
Radioactive Contaminants I
Alpha emitters (pCvL) | 0 | 15 | 0.74 Joaifo.7a] 7005 | No [Erosion of natural deposits
, Decay of natural and man-made deposits. The
etal eee 0 | 50 | 47 46] 47} 0)5® |) No | BPA considers 50 pCi/L to be the level of
ecu) 2020 concer for Beta particles.
Radium (combined 2015 & 5 :
berpevecray 0 | s | 06 Jo4|o6| Oss] No |Brosion of natural deposits
‘Contaminants MCLG]AL] Your [Sample] # Samples | Exceeds ‘Typical Source
Water] Date | Exceeding | AL
AL
Inorganic Contaminants |
Copper = action level at [Corrosion of household plumbing systems;
i rage 13 |13} 049 | 2019] 0 No |gorosion a
[Lead - action level at consumer [Corrosion of household plumbing systems;
ce tab) 0 |1s} 276 | 2019] 0 No _ | gorosion P
[Unie Descriptions I
Term Definition
pm ‘PPI pats per million, or milligrams per iter (mg/L)
ppb pb: parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (ug/L)
pci IL: picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)
NA NA® not applicable
ND IND: Not detected
NR 'NR: Monitoring not required, ut recommended.
[Important Drinking Water Definitions
Term Definition
MCLG |MCLG: Maximum Contaminant Level Goal: The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no
known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
MCL |MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level: The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs
jare set as close to the MCLGs as ible using the best available treatment technology.
Tr TT: Treatment Technique: A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
AL |AL: Action Level: The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements
| which a water system must follow.
Variances and | Variances and Exemptions: State or EPA permission not to meet an MCL or a treatment technique under certain
Exemptions _ |conditions.
|MRDLG: Maximum residual disinfection level goal. The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there
MRDLG is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control
| microbial contaminants.
MRDL |MRDL: Maximum residual disinfectant level. The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There
|is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
MNR |MNR: Monitored Not Regulated
MPL |MPL; State Assigned Maximum Permissible Level
[For more information please contact: ‘|
Contact Name: David Wallace or Jennifer Chumbley
Address: 6654 Cleveland Road
Cleveland, VA 24225
Phone: 276-889-4365